A major study involving over 270,000 people suggests a common amino acid, tyrosine, might be linked to how long men live, showing a notable difference compared to women.
Researchers from the University of Hong Kong and the University of Georgia investigated phenylalanine and tyrosine, amino acids crucial for metabolism and brain function. Their findings indicate that higher tyrosine levels were associated with a shorter life expectancy in men, while no significant impact was observed in women.
Tyrosine is essential for producing neurotransmitters like dopamine, which influences mood and motivation. The study analyzed data from the UK Biobank, using both observational and genetic approaches, including Mendelian randomization, to explore the connection between these amino acids and longevity.
While initially, both amino acids appeared linked to a higher risk of death, closer examination revealed tyrosine as the significant factor for men. Genetic analyses suggested a potentially causal link between elevated tyrosine and reduced life expectancy, with estimates suggesting it could shorten male lifespan by nearly a year. This pattern was not seen in women, who also generally have lower tyrosine levels than men.
Scientists are exploring potential mechanisms, such as insulin resistance and the role of tyrosine in stress response neurotransmitters, which might function differently between sexes. However, these remain hypotheses requiring further investigation. It’s important to note that the study did not directly test tyrosine supplements; it examined naturally occurring body levels and their relationship with longevity.
The findings raise questions about the long-term effects of high tyrosine levels, often boosted through supplements marketed for mental performance. While the study suggests individuals with unusually high tyrosine might benefit from dietary changes, more research is needed to confirm these results and determine if altering tyrosine levels can safely promote healthier aging.
